Ekonomi Perkebunan Nusantara Tahun 1830-1930: Afdeling Malang sebagai Jantung Kopi

Abstract

This study discusses the dynamics of the plantation economy in the archipelago in the period 1830-1930 with the main focus of Afdeling Malang as one of the most important production centers during the Dutch colonial period. This study is motivated by the significant role of coffee plantations in the Dutch colonial economic structure and its impact on socio-economic changes in the surrounding community. The main objective of this study is to understand and analyze how Afdeling Malang developed rapidly into the heart of coffee production in East Java in particular and the archipelago in general. The method used in this study is a historical approach from literature studies as the main technique for collecting data sources. The data sources analyzed include books, research journals, colonial archives, Dutch East Indies government documents, and plantation reports. The findings show that the success of Afdeling Malang as the heart of coffee production cannot be separated from the influence of climate and geographical location that support productivity. As well as the support of colonial infrastructure and forced cultivation policies in the early 19th century. In addition, there was the involvement of Dutch private companies in land expansion and management of local labor. Afdeling Malang played a vital role in the colonial coffee economy and made it a representation of how colonial economic power shaped the landscape of agricultural land and the local indigenous people of East Java.