Interaksi Etnis Tionghoa di Kota Malang (Abad XVIII hingga Awal Abad XX): Sebuah Kompleksitas Relasi Sosial-Budaya

Abstract

This study aims to examine the dynamics of interethnic relations between the Chinese, the Dutch, and the indigenous population in Malang City during the colonial period. The research employs a literature review method, analyzing historical sources such as archives, colonial government documents, and previous academic studies. The findings reveal that interactions among these ethnic groups were shaped by a hierarchical colonial social structure, with the Dutch dominating the political and administrative sectors, the Chinese playing a significant role in the economy, and the indigenous people occupying a subordinate position. Although interethnic relations were characterized by social segregation and discrimination, in certain contexts such as economic activities and daily life, pragmatic interactions emerged that reflected patterns of interdependence among the groups. These findings highlight the importance of a historical perspective in understanding the development of multiethnic social relations in Indonesia, and offer critical reflections on present-day issues of diversity.